Assam Prohibition of Polygamy Bill 2025: Landmark Law Banning Polygamy in Assam
In a historic move aimed at strengthening women's rights and promoting gender equality, the Assam government has introduced the Assam Prohibition of Polygamy Bill, 2025, in the state legislative assembly. This landmark legislation seeks to criminalise polygamy across Assam, marking one of the most progressive personal law reforms in the region's recent history.
📜 Background and Context
Polygamy—the practice of having more than one spouse simultaneously—has long been a contentious social issue in India, intertwined with religious and customary laws. While Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 and Special Marriage Act, 1954 enforce monogamy for most communities, practices vary significantly for others.
Assam, with its diverse population and tribal communities, presents complex marriage dynamics. The Bill applies uniformly across the state, except in Sixth Schedule areas (Bodoland Territorial Region, hill districts) and certain Scheduled Tribes governed by customary laws, striking a balance between uniformity and cultural respect.
⚖️ Key Provisions of the Bill
7 Years Imprisonment
Second/subsequent marriage while first spouse alive
10 Years for Concealment
Hiding existing marriage from new spouse
₹1.5 Lakh Fine
For abettors (priests, parents, village heads)
Govt Job Ban
Convicted persons ineligible for benefits
- Repeat Offences: Double punishment
- Extraterritorial: Applies to Assam residents abroad
- Victim Compensation: Special authority for women's relief
💡 Why This Matters
"A bold step towards gender justice under CM Himanta Biswa Sarma's leadership"
This legislation protects women's dignity, strengthens legal safety nets, and empowers law enforcement against exploitative practices. It positions Assam as a leader in social reform while respecting tribal customs.
🔮 Challenges Ahead
- Awareness campaigns in rural areas
- Robust law enforcement mechanisms
- Support systems for affected women
- Navigating customary law conflicts
🌟 A New Era for Assam
The Assam Prohibition of Polygamy Bill, 2025 combines stringent penalties with compassionate victim support, showcasing Assam's progressive vision. As it moves toward becoming law, it signals stronger legal protection for women and could inspire similar reforms nationwide.